Smart Card

Smart Card (UK smart card) is a card that had been buried integrated circuit. Although many
usefulness, but there are two basic divisions of this card, the memory cards and microprocessor cards.

Examples of this card uses the most is for electronic payment systems and in the SIM card.
* 1 History
* Smart card 2 touch
* Smart card 3 non-touch
o 3.1 United States
o 3.2 Asia
o 3.3 Europe
o 3.4 Oceania
* 4 See also
* 5 Books
* 6 External links
o 6.1 Patents


History

Smart card is found and patented in the 1970s. There is some dispute about who "inventor" of this card includes the original Jürgen Dethloff of Germany, Arimura of Japan, and Roland Moreno of France. First mass usage of this card is to pay the phone in France in 1983.
[edit] Smart Card Touch

Smart card chip golden touch has a diameter of about half an inch. At the time put into the card reader, the chip associated with the electrical connectors that can read information from the chip and write it back.

Standard ISO / IEC 7816 and ISO / IEC 7810 defines:

* Physical form
* The position and shape of the electrical
* The electrical characteristics
* Communication protocol
* Formatting commands sent to the card and the responses returned from the card
* Card security
* Function

This card does not contain batteries; energy is supplied by the card reader.


Smart card non-touch
Front side of a standard card for adult passengers.

These cards communicate with card readers by RFID induction technology (at the speed of data exchange from 106 to 848 kbit / s). This card should only brought closer to the card reader to complete the transaction. This card is widely used for mass transportation systems that require a rapid process, or without using hands.

Standard for these cards is ISO / IEC 14443. This standard defines two types of non-touch cards that can communicate at distances up to 10 cm. Another standard is ISO 15693, which allows communications at distances up to 50 cm.

Non-touch cards that are used widely in Hong Kong's Octopus card, and in Paris with Card Calypso / Navigo, which existed before the ISO / IEC 14443.

Here is a table of smart card use non-touch.