Geoengineering

Geoengineering is the concept of manipulating the Earth's climate in order to fight the effects of global warming. The National Academy Science defines geoengineering as "a way that involves the science of engineering large-scale engineering of the environment against the effects due to changes in atmospheric composition of the earth". Some geoengineering technique is based on changing the form of carbon. It aims to menggurangi greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. These include direct methods (eg capture of carbon dioxide gas in the air) and indirect methods (the growth of phytoplankton on a large scale in the ocean). This can be categorized as mitigation of global warming. The alternative is the technique of solar radiation settings (stratospheric sulfur aerosols) does not reduce levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. It also does not reduce the consequences of high levels of carbon dioxide such as ocean acidification. Currently there are no geoengineering projects handled. Some experts think that this is only the result of political pressure to reduce emissions in which many developed countries (mainly United States) are still reluctant to do so. Planting trees and the project "cool roof" is currently underway to prevent climate change, and growth of phytoplankton in the sea on a large scale was in the final research stage and are ready applie.

Geoengineering is the application of terraform. Geoengineering involves the treatment of the earth to be inhabited by human beings deserve. Another definition is narrower integrated natural engineering projects. Recovery on a large scale of hydrocarbons using science and technology can be incorporated into geoengineering applications.

Geoengineering attend because of global warming. Geoengineering concepts exist because the failure of historical facts about the world of emissions control, as well as arctic ice shrinkage causes accelerated process of global warming. Branch geoengineering science is in fact a complex science, and requires different disciplines:

* Science, including atmospheric chemistry, ecology, meteorology, biology of plants
* Knowledge engineering, including aviation and aerospace engineering, ballistics, shipbuilding techniques
* Management and control, including risk management, operational research

Some of the world's leading institutions have been, or will, geoengineering research and find the potential benefits of this science. These agencies include NASA, the Royal Society, The Institute of Mechanical Engineers, and the British Parliament. And international environmental NGOs such as Friends of the Earth International and Greenpeace strongly supports the geoengineering.